Test engineers have a variety of options for testing printed-circuit boards—ranging from in-circuit testers to the latest in embedded-instrument technology. Despite the decline of PCB physical access ...

In-circuit test (ICT) systems have been the leaders in using electrical means to look for structural defects in PCBs. They employ bed-of-nails fixtures to provide electrical access to as many as 7000 ...

Design for manufacturing (DFM) has become a proactive part of the design process, but the same cannot be said for DFT. Whereas “left-shifting” DFM has reduced manufacturing problems, increased yield, ...

Manufacturing issues are one of the top reasons that we see warranty returns and loss of market share in the electronics industry. Issues like supply chain failures and printed circuit board assembly ...

This article appeared in Microwaves & RF and has been published here with permission. You’ve finally completed your printed-circuit-board (PCB) design for a new product. You run your design-rule ...

Once a circuit design is complete and the PCB has been laid out, the complex process of transferring all the design data to manufacturing begins. The data communicate not only the physical positions ...