Although it is common knowledge that their efficiency is poor, Peltier thermoelectric elements are considered the most versatile cooling elements; they are used in a wide range of applications, such ...

Hot glue guns are pretty simple beasts: there’s an on/off switch, a heating element, and a source of current, be it battery or wired. You turn it on, and the heater starts warming up; ...

This temperature profile is one of the principal reasons why we need a PID controller, which will be able to very accurately follow the required dwells and slopes, while also avoiding big oscillations ...

Plant engineers and technicians are frequently asked to tune the controller when a control loop’s process value has prolonged or significant excursions from the set point. But in many instances, no ...

At the core of any modern industrial process is a control system guaranteeing precision, stability, and efficiency. Perhaps the most commonly used are PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) ...